Dirac’s Refined Unification of Quantum Mechanics and Special Relativity: An Intertheoretic Context
PDF

Keywords

quantum mechanics
special relativity
synthesis
Dirac
Eddington
Einstein
Weyl

How to Cite

Dirac’s Refined Unification of Quantum Mechanics and Special Relativity: An Intertheoretic Context. (2022). Teorie vědy Theory of Science, 44(1), 37-57. https://doi.org/10.46938/tv.2022.518

Abstract

One of the key episodes of history of modern physics – Paul Dirac’s startling contrivance of the relativistic theory of the electron – is elicited in the context of lucid epistemological model of mature theory change. The peculiar character of Dirac’s synthesis of special relativity and quantum mechanics is revealed by comparison with Einstein’s sophisticated methodology of the General Relativity contrivance. The subtle structure of Dirac’s scientific research program and first and foremost the odd principles that put up its powerful heuristics is scrutinized with special emphasis on the highly controversial tenet of “mathematical beauty.” It is contended that despite the relentless Dirac’s remarks denigrating the controversial role of philosophy one can trace its indirect influence through Arthur Eddington’s and Hermann Weyl’s whimsical mathematical models. Accordingly, the milestones of Dirac’s research programme realization in the distinctive context of the applied epistemological doctrine are indicated.

PDF

References

Bjorken, David, and Sydney Drell. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 1998.

Bokulich, Alisa. “Open or Closed? Dirac, Heisenberg and the Relation between Classical and Quantum Mechanics.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 35, no. 3 (2004): 377–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsb.2003.11.002.

Darrigol, Olivier. From c-Numbers to q-Numbers: The Classical Analogy in the History of Quantum Theory. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520328280.

Dirac, Paul. “The Physical Interpretation of the Quantum Dynamics.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, A 113 (1927): 621–41. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1927.0012.

Dirac, Paul. “The Quantum Theory of the Electron.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, A 117 (1928): 610–24. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1928.0023.

Dirac, Paul. “Quantized Singularities in the Electromagnetic Field.” Proceedings of Royal Society of London, A 133 (1931): 60–72. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1931.0130.

Dirac, Paul. “The Relation between Mathematics and Physics.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, A 59 (1938–1939): 122–29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0370164600012207.

Dirac, Paul. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981.

Eddington, Arthur. Space, Time and Gravitation. An Outline of General Relativity Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

Eddington, Arthur. The Mathematical Theory of Relativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

Heisenberg, Werner, and Pascual Jordan. “Andwendung der Quantenmechanik auf der Problem der anomalen Zeemaneffekte.” Zeitschrift fur Physik 37 (1926): 263–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01397100.

Heisenberg, Werner. Physik und Philosophie. Stuttgart: Hirzel, 2000.

Kragh, Helge. “The Genesis of Dirac’s Relativistic Theory of Electrons.” Archive for History of Exact Sciences 24 (1981): 31–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00327714.

Kragh, Helge. Dirac. A Scientific Biography. New York: Cornell University, 1990.

Mehra, Jagdish, and Helmut Rechenberg. The Historical Development of Quantum Theory. Volume 6: The Completion of Quantum Mechanics 1926–1941. New York: Springer, 2000.

Nugayev, Rinat M. “Communicative Rationality of the Maxwellian Revolution.” Foundations of Science 20, no. 4 (2015): 447–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10699-015-9417-z.

Nugayev, Rinat M. Einstein’s Revolution: A Study in Theory Unification. Sharjah: Bentham Science Publishers, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2174/97816810863541180101.

Nugayev, Rinat M. The Planck-Einstein Breakthrough: Reconciliation of the Pivotal Research Programs of the Classical Physics. Montreal: Minkowski Institute Press, 2020.

Pauli, Wolfgang. “Über das Wasserstoffspektrum vom Standpunkt der neuen Quantenmechanik.” Zeitschrift fur Physik 36 (1926): 336–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01450175.

Ryckman, Thomas. The Reign of Relativity. Philosophy in Physics 1915–1925. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.

Schrödinger, Erwin “Quantisierung als Eigenwertproblem.” Annalen der Physik 384, no. 4 (1926): 361–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.19263840404.

Stepin, Vyacheslav. Theoretical Knowledge. Netherlands: Springer, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3046-0.

Valente, Mario. “The Dirac Equation and its Interpretations.” Preprint, submitted April 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340664785.

Weyl, Hermann. Raum, Zeit, Materie. Berlin: Springer, 1919. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43111-5.

Since 2019, TEORIE VĚDY / THEORY OF SCIENCE journal provides open access to its content under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Authors who publish in this journal agree that:

  1. Authors retain copyright and publication rights without restrictions and guarantee the journal the right of first publishing. All published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution license, which allows others to share this work under condition that its author and first publishing in this journal was acknowledged.
  2. Authors may enter into other agreements for non-exclusive dissemination of work in the version in which it was published in the journal (for example, publishing it in a book), but they have to acknowledge its first publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are allowed and encouraged to make their work available online (for example, on their personal websites, social media accounts, and institutional repositories) as such a practice may lead to productive exchanges of views as well as earlier and higher citations of published work.

There are no author fees, no article processing charges, or submission charges.

The journal allows readers to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of its articles and allows readers to use them for any other lawful purpose.

A summary of the open access policy is also available in the Sherpa Romeo database.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.